June, 2009

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Why do title companies update their title commitments immediately prior to closing?

Thursday, June 18th, 2009

Friday at InHouse Title Company we had the buyers of a condo in Houston come in to sign docs. They brought their money, which we depositited in our escrow account. We also received the loan funds by wire transfer into escrow.

Title had only been opened approximately two weeks prior, so it was a bit of a rush job. But we were ready, the lender was ready, the buyers were ready, and the seller was ready. Problem was, we couldn’t get the seller’s loan payoff statement. It was to arrive that day, but it did not. So, we postponed the seller until monday.

Monday comes, and the seller is to come in to sign, so we perform an update of the title commitment. Essentially, this means that we search the title records again to make sure that the nothing has been filed of record since the date of our commitment. Almost every time, that is the case. Nothing new since the commitment, so we move through the closing. But in this instance, STOP!!!! HOLD THE PRESSESS!!!! Our update search reveals two deeds filed during the two weeks since we had first our commitment. The day after the commitment, the seller had deeded the property to a corporation. Then, twelve days later, the bank had foreclosed, filing its substitute trustees deed.

What does this mean? Bottom line, on the day of the closing, the seller no longer owned the property.

The closing was cancelled. The buyers and lenders purchase funds were returned.

This is why title companies update their title commitment prior to the final closing.

What is Underwriting?

Tuesday, June 9th, 2009

Title insurance is among the least understood portions of the real estate transaction process. And the underwriting process is probably the least understood portion of the title business.  What makes it so confusing is that the words “underwriting” and “underwriter” can be used in so many different ways. 

So lets take a quick look at just what exactly title insurance underwriting is.

The term “title insurance underwriter” can mean two things.  It can mean a title insurance company itself. Or, it can mean an attorney who makes underwriting decisions on behalf of a title company, also known as underwriting counsel.

To say a company “underwrites” a title insurance policy means that the company will be the one who pays out if there is a payable claim. Title insurance underwriters are regulated in Texas by the Texas Department of Insurance and must meet certain stringent financial soundness standards. Underwriters issue title policies either through “direct operations” or through independent Agents. Independent agents, like us here at InHouse Title Company, may issue policies on behalf of multiple different underwriters.

A company issues a policy only after it has made a decision that the risk it will take on as a result of issuing the policy is acceptable. The process of making this determination is called underwriting. Each underwriter has is own internal guidelines which it and its agents must follow in making underwriting decisions.

However, because there are as many variables as there are different real estate transactions, title insurance companies employ underwriting attorneys who review transactions.  Their underwriting decision is dependent upon the specific facts surrounding the transaction. Underwriting counsel will determine on the behalf of the underwriter whether to issue a policy in a particular instance. If they determine no policy can be issued under the existing facts, they will often provide guidance on “curative” work that can be done to bring the facts of the transaction into allignment with underwriting guidelines.

One thing to keep in mind is that underwriting guidelines and underwriting decisions often vary from underwriter to underwriter. So, if one title company declines to issue a policy on a particular transaction, another title company might be willing to take the risk.